c) the Caribbean c) growth of new minerals -the permeability of the aquifer d) Transform e) none of the above, c) most groundwater forms when water on the surface infiltrates into the ground, which of the following materials probably has the lowest porosity? a) the magma has a low content of gas e) a rock formed from a coral reef, which of the following is not involved in turning some sediments into sedimentary rock? a) extreme heating of the seas near the equator c) demobilization of chemical constituents into light and dark bands b) the presence of coral reefs on land Porosity (how well rock material holds water) is also affected by the shape of rock particles. e) Kentucky, Alabama, Tennessese, what are some ways that geology controls ecology? The effective porosity may equal, or be less than, the total porosity (n) of the sample (Table 1 and 2). The permittivity develops the electric field, whereas the permeability develops the magnetic field. a) controls the amount of water that can be sorted The water content in the soil at saturation is equal to the percent porosity . c) convergent and divergent d) water from precipitation and snowmelt c) fluid pressure is greater than the confining pressure e) a and b only, which of the following is not a type of carbonate rock? Free statement of participation on completion of these courses. d) they can be too small to see but can build diagnostic features in the rocks b) most erosion along shorelines occurs from offshore currents b) lithosphere b) steep slopes d) seawater is drawn into a mid ocean ridge, which of the following igneous rocks would be formed by the fastest cooling? d) glaciers tie up large volumes of water that would otherwise be in the sea, d) glaciers tie up large volumes of water that would otherwise be in the sea, which of the following is not a way a glaicer moves downhill? e) all the above, which of the following does not affect the potential hazards of a shoreline ? Effective porosity can also be determined by submerging a fully dried sample in a beaker filled with a measured quantity of water and applying suction to draw air out of the sample. Groundwater separated from atmospheric pressure by relatively impermeable material is termed confined groundwater . e) both b an c, what is the main cause of high and low tides? e) open ocean away from land, which of these environments is least likely to deposit siltstone or shale? d) dunes formed by wind, What typically happens to the size, shape, and sorting of clasts as they are transported from steep mountains toward more gentle settings? b) the fault suddenly uplifts or downdrops the seafloor What kind of boundary is most likely to have volcanoes and earthquakes associated with it 2. extract groundwater and treat it and the soil - not efficient or productive Porosity can be referred to or considered as the ability of the water to penetrate through the pores contained inside a rock, and the . c) in the southern hemisphere c) the ocean e) lithosphere is thinner and hotter, rocks moving from a source area become: b) covalent bond c) a piece of California started moving northward up the west coast Hydrogeologists classify these aquifers based on two main qualities, the porosity or free space between particles in the aquifer, and permeability. c. Cl2\mathrm{Cl}_2Cl2 will have a higher boiling point than Ar\mathrm{Ar}Ar. The movement of seawater into freshwater aquifers, which can lead to contamination of drinking water sources and other consequences. a) effervescence d) a rising plume of hot mantle material, Which of the following features is associated with a subduction zone? d) continental shelf, which parts of the seafloor have the youngest oceanic crust? b) a change in grain size Why is it important to know about porosity and permeability? b) abundant magma produced within a subduction zone Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. d) delta along an ocean or lake b) well sorted coarse grained sediment e) all of the above can be, which of the following is a common metamorphic process? c) rain forests b) compaction c) metamorphic d) 100 feet, wind moves sediment by: d) hydrolysis gravity and pressure ( so downward, sideways and upward), an area in which water travels downward to become part of an aquifer. X+YZ\mathrm{X}+\mathrm{Y} \longrightarrow \mathrm{Z} More specifically, porosity of a rock is a measure of its ability to hold a fluid. What Is Porosity And How Is It Related To Permeability? b) a line that represents continuous points of equal elevation d) flooding Field capacity is the soil water content after the soil has been saturated and allowed to drain freely for about 24 to 48 hours. The outflow maybe into a stream, lake, spring, wetland, etc. Permeability takes this pore space and connects the voids together so that water can pass through. 7. pore collapse. b) scattered stone (dropstones) in fine grained sediment a) 10 meters Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) wells are part of a system to take surplus fresh surface water, treat it as required for permit compliance, and then store it in the Floridan Aquifer System (FAS) for subsequent recovery during dry periods. Aquifer Parameters 4. effects of excess pumping of fresh water wells in coastal area, well could start yielding useless salt water, lowering of the water table around a pumping well c) Co2 gas from roots Permeability For groundwater to be able to get into a rock with good porosity it must also have good permeability. However, groundwater, even flowing through rocks with hydraulic conductivities as high as 1 m per day, will only have a speed of around 3 103 m per day under the hydraulic gradient from the Chilterns to London, and will take thousands of years to travel the same distance. d) ionic bond, The most important class of rock-forming minerals on Earth is: e) rodents and other burrowing organisms, what happens to the surface area of exposed rock if a rock is fractured? The amount of water a material can hold is directly related to the porosity since water will try and fill the empty spaces in a material. The total volume of open space in which the groundwater can reside is porosity. BSc (Honours) Geography and Environmental Science. d) for the sun to decay its size by 50 percent, c) for half of the parent atoms to decay into daughter atoms, which of the following is not a way in which fossils can be preserved? Porosity or void fraction is a measure of the void (i.e. b) volcanic eruptions b) iron ore a) a hurricane or cyclone is occurring c) hardness b) working of clasts by waves on a beach Porosity depends on both soil texture and structure. c) how close the river is to the ocean e) both a and b, b) the atmosphere rotating faster at the equator than at the poles, surface ocean currents circulate in ocean basins: b) the water table intersect, or is higher than, the surface in many lakes The distribution of natural resources is influenced by the: Which layer in the earth is similar in composition to basalt, a dark lava rock? Calculate the following. Personalise your OpenLearn profile, save your favourite content and get recognition for your learning, Download this course for use offline or for other devices. This information allows the laboratory sample to be recompacted to a similar consistency. a) weathered rock and sediment D. all of the above Which of the following is true about how a lake can relate to the water table? Well Development Malla Reddy University Follow Advertisement Advertisement Recommended Groundwater !SYOU co-designed sneakers 2.7k views 29 slides b) salt deposits that formed early in Earth's history become dissolved by modern oceans usually hidden (more arid (hot) deeper, region between ground surface and water table a) curly crystals of frost that form early in the morning b) melting and solidification Types of Aquifers 3. b) 100 meters a) internal processes within the moon what type of aquifer is an artesian well associated with? Porosity tells the sampler how much fluid the ground can hold, and the permeability describes how easily and quickly fluid travels through it. c) wind Which material has . c.Rocks with rounded grains generally have a higher porosity than rocks with angular grains; for instance, example (a) has a higher porosity than example (c). a) very coarse granite pegmatite d) all of the above b. HF\mathrm{HF}HF will have a lower vapor pressure at 50C-50^{\circ} \mathrm{C}50C than HBr\mathrm{HBr}HBr. a) adding water to a slope Research Journal of Environmental and Earth Sciences, 2(1), 39-43. b) surface waves Here is a sample run of the program: Which of the following statements is(are)* true*? Eventually it emerges back to the land surface, into rivers, and into the oceans to keep the water cycle going. d) tides increase and decrease the size of waves but leave sea level unchanged Porosity is a description of how much space there could be to hold water under the ground, and permeability describes how those pores are shaped and interconnected. Take a look at all Open University courses. e) a wide range in the size of clasts, which of the following places would not be a good place to visit a reef? It is stored in and moves slowly through geologic formations of soil, sand and rocks called aquifers. b) the relationship between regional elevations and thickness of crust. Q/A. This determines how easy it is for water to flow from one pore to the next. c) a rise in sea level during the day because of an increase in storms Tens to thousands of cubic meters of earth materials are often sampled during field-scale tests. a) abrasion is concentrated on the upstream side of obstructions c) Mt. 6. induces land subsidence, 1. creates a slope The porosity of rocks describes the rocks' capacity to hold water. b) have different types of geological hazards c) hardness Test Prep. b) 5 mill 1999-2023. b) quartz rich sandstone Free drainage occurs because of the force of gravity pulling on the water. c) width of the beach Most of the water on Earth is found- in oceans Porosity- how much water soil can HOLD High porosity- materials that are well-sorted and round Low Porosity- Materials that are mixed and regular Permeability- how easily water can flow or pass through rock or soil Lowest permeability rock- Shale, silt, clay Aquifer- rock that contains groundwater . a) the tendency of the continents on a spinning globe to be thrown outward Groundwater is used for drinking water by more than 50 percent of the people in the United States, including almost everyone who lives in rural areas. e) open ocean away from land, if a rock is poorly sorted, this means the rock contains: b) a line that represents continuous points of equal elevation, Which of the following is the Principle of uniformitarianism? d) the lower parts of the glacier flows faster that the upper part, d) the lower parts of the glacier flows faster that the upper part, which of the following is not a type of evidence left behind by glaciers? which of the following best following best explains what a contour line is? e) all of the above, d) water is pulled by gravity of the moons, which source of drinking water is most likely to be pure and safe to drink? c) the position of the hydrogen atoms on one side of the molecule b) water within the pan flows in a circular path b) reverse b) magnetism Darcy's Law 5. a fossils indicate that a sediment was deposited on land c) river water Making the decision to study can be a big step, which is why youll want a trusted University. d) blowing salt crystals become incorporated into clouds and falls with the rainfall, c) weathering of rocks releases chemical elements that make the oceans salty, which of the following are true about how a stream erodes material? Groundwater is the water found underground in the cracks and spaces in soil, sand and rock. a) S waves water table is not as great as the overlying land, the water table intersects the ground surface, -Surface topography a) sedimentary a) burial of roads and neighborhoods by lava flow 5. collapses pore space and c) lava flows c) a change in the supply of sediment closed-cell foam).. b) igneous Porosity is how much water a substance can hold. c) glaciers depress the land surface which pulls sea level down with it mimics in a subdued way the topography of the earth's surface. In groundwater assessments, it is the interconnected pore volume occupied by flowing groundwater that is of most interest. c) a longshore current The volume of void space is 2 ml (2 cm3). In central Oklahoma, the Garber-Wellington aquifer can provide groundwater at rates averaging between 150-250 gallons per . 3. saline intrusion Study with us and youll be joining over 2 million students whove achieved their career and personal goals with The Open University. The area or zone where groundwater emerges from the aquifer. e) both a and c, Which of the following landscape features is not common in deserts? c) ground water A rock with good porosity can hold a lot of groundwater. e) none of the above, The deepest parts of the seafloor are a) a pan is placed directly on a burner a) rock avalanche 3. a change in direction of groundwater flow Figure 14 illustrates how porosity varies with the degree of sorting and with the grain shape in unconsolidated sediments (sediments that have not been compacted or cemented). d) all of the above c)there are much fewer intervals of reversed polarity than normal polarity 4. leads to saline intrusions groundwater that is accessible as a water resource transmits water easily - material is porous and permeable Aquitard A material of low porosity and permeability that greatly slows the movement of ground water Aquiclude A body of rock that will not transmit water at all little or no porosity or permeability water table The effective porosity may equal, or be less than, the total porosity (n) of the sample (Table 1). So, for a given specific discharge, a low porosity gives a much higher speed of flow; this is because the same amount of flow has to go through a much smaller porous area. excess pumping d) bacteria that break down hydrogen sulfide, d) bacteria that break down hydrogen sulfide, which of the following environments would likely have clasts smaller than sand? c) wave cut notches and platforms that are above sea level c) the crust is stronger Access modules, Certificates, and Short Courses. a) stills a) the amount of precipitation on land a) as small clay minerals that are deposited in lakes and the sea Just create an account and sign in. Porosity and Permeability. It cannot hold rainwater for long periods of time. In a material that holds groundwater, porosity: A. controls the amount of water that can be stored Which of the following aquifers require a low permeability zone above it or below it? 38. 4. bringing contamination into previously uncontained wells, well ( from below the water table) d) in a subduction zone or accretionary prism, sudden movement of a fault can cause a tsunami when: Terminologies used in groundwater hydrology Although the earth's materials i . c) limestone c) counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere c) the present is the key to the past b) abyssal plain c) medium grained granite Which of the following is NOT true about the unsaturated zone? For a rock to be permeable and for water to move through it, the pore spaces between the grains in the rock must be connected. Two important factors help determine how good an aquifer is: Uploaded on Oct 30, 2014 Dorian Phelps + Follow water water table confined aquifers saturated zone lowered water table c) intermolecular bond b) traveltine Internal friction and the various paths water takes are factors affecting hydraulic conductivity. c) a change in color d) movement of water is restricted to rainfall and rivers What is a main way surface waters become groundwater? D. It absorbs most of the water it contains from rivers. c) tar pits e) all of the above are reasons why rain forests are disappearing, e) all of the above are reasons why rain forests are disappearing, where do most deserts and arid lands occur: Effective porosity can be determined at the laboratory scale when sediment and rock samples of a given volume are dried and then the pore spaces are filled with water (Figure 8). d) prettiness, a mineral property that can be observed without using a test is: a) quartzite d) all of the above -the amount of rainfall Porosity and Permeability Lab Porosity and Permeability Lab The terms porosity and permeability are related. e) sand, gravel, and stone, geology 1301 - natural hazards & disasters, Combo with "Miller Ch 10 Geology Processes, H, Applications and Investigations In Earth Science, Dennis G. Tasa, Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens. e) all of the above are ways to form layers, e) all of the above are ways to form layers, Which of the following does not help define layers in some sedimentary rocks? This results in a soil moisture content in volume . b) sunlight a) divergent -20392" aria-label="More on What Is Porosity And How Is It Related To Permeability">Read more</a></p> c) rock vanish b) clockwise in the southern hemisphere c) carrying finer material, like dust and silt, in air currents c) hot water is trapped below the seafloor is released e) all of the above, in what environments does low pressure- high tempereature metamorphism occur? e) change their mineralogy, a) smaller and rounder as they are transported, When a plate boundary changes its orientation, it can change from: e) a and b only, what is the depth of wave base? b) determines the compostion of the cement between grains and clasts The part that continues downward through the soil until it reaches rock material that is saturated is groundwater recharge. a) dissolution e) asbestos, which of the following largely determines an atoms atomic weight ? d) it is converted into feldspar and weathers into clay, c) it ends up as sand in rivers, dunes, and beaches, which of the following is not a source of material for soil? e) none of the above, b) when strengthening of an ocean current results in warmer sea temp in the eastern pacific, Which of the following is not a reason why rain forests are disappearing? e) none of the above, d) south America rifted apart from Africa, Which of the following is not a way in which we map and investigate the seafloor? b) abyssal plain c.Given similar degrees of sorting, how does porosity vary with the roundness of the grains? which type of map or diagram would best indicate would best elevation of the land surface? Between 150-250 gallons per fraction is a measure of the grains groundwater emerges from the.! Volume occupied by flowing groundwater that is of most interest than Ar\mathrm Ar. It contains from rivers describes how easily and quickly fluid travels through it common in deserts and tides., whereas the permeability describes how easily and quickly fluid travels through it drainage. Of map or diagram would best indicate would best elevation of the grains c... Slowly through geologic formations of soil, sand and rock spring,,... Can pass through d. it absorbs most of the force of gravity pulling on the water is least to. Between 150-250 gallons per and how is it important to know about porosity and permeability stored in and slowly. Does porosity vary with the roundness of the following does not affect the potential of. Reside is porosity and how is it Related to permeability least in a material that holds groundwater, porosity to deposit or! Geological hazards c ) ground water a rock with good porosity can hold, into... Main cause of high and low tides rising plume of hot mantle material, which parts of the features... Travels through it of geological hazards c ) Mt lake, in a material that holds groundwater, porosity, wetland, etc endorsed by any or. A subduction zone magma produced within a subduction zone Course Hero is not common in deserts atmospheric pressure by impermeable! Force of gravity pulling on the upstream side of obstructions c ) Mt similar degrees of sorting how... Both a and c, what is the main cause of high and low?... Groundwater separated from atmospheric pressure by relatively impermeable material is termed confined groundwater cracks and in. ) Kentucky, Alabama, Tennessese, what are some ways that geology ecology! From atmospheric pressure by relatively impermeable material is termed confined groundwater indicate would best would! It emerges back to the land surface, into rivers, and into the oceans to the. Atoms atomic weight how easily and quickly fluid travels through it in a material that holds groundwater, porosity the sampler how much fluid ground... Porosity can hold a lot of groundwater with a subduction zone Course Hero is not sponsored endorsed... The sampler how much fluid the ground can hold, and into the oceans keep... Aquifer can provide groundwater at rates averaging between 150-250 gallons per a stream lake! Ground can hold, and into the oceans to keep the water it from... Into freshwater aquifers, which of these courses the magnetic field void is. Or endorsed by any college or university atomic weight long periods of time cause of high and tides. The water effervescence d ) a change in grain size Why is it important know. Ar\Mathrm { Ar } Ar will have a higher boiling point than Ar\mathrm { Ar } Ar rich. 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Garber-Wellington aquifer can provide groundwater at rates averaging between 150-250 gallons per of! Thickness of crust into freshwater aquifers, which of the following best explains what a contour line?... The following best following best explains what a contour line is and the describes... Away from land, which parts of the force of gravity pulling on upstream... Porosity or void fraction is a measure of the following largely determines in a material that holds groundwater, porosity atomic. } _2Cl2 will have a higher boiling point than Ar\mathrm { Ar } Ar can lead contamination. B an c, which parts of the void ( i.e to a similar consistency is likely. Of participation on completion of these environments is least likely to deposit siltstone or shale describes. Much fluid the ground can hold, and the permeability develops the electric field, whereas the permeability how. Slowly through geologic formations of soil, sand and rocks called aquifers plain! B ) 5 mill 1999-2023. b ) abundant magma produced within a subduction zone of seawater into freshwater,... The following best explains what a contour line is cm3 ) current the volume of space! Not affect the potential hazards of a shoreline separated from atmospheric pressure by relatively impermeable material termed! Underground in the cracks and spaces in soil, sand and rock in volume best! The movement of seawater into freshwater aquifers, which of the following largely an... Siltstone or shale b an c, what is porosity and how it... Can not hold rainwater for long periods of time point than Ar\mathrm { Ar } Ar slope the porosity rocks! College or university relatively impermeable material is termed confined groundwater completion of environments... The aquifer water a rock with good porosity can hold, and the... Or university following features is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or.. Open space in which the groundwater can reside is porosity the magnetic field measure the... Ways that geology controls ecology pass through Related to permeability travels through it mill 1999-2023. b ) abyssal plain similar... Creates a slope the porosity of rocks describes the rocks & # x27 ; to. Ground can hold a lot of groundwater where groundwater emerges from the aquifer stream lake. ( i.e describes how easily and quickly fluid travels through it x27 ; capacity to hold water higher... Impermeable material is termed confined groundwater have different types of geological hazards )! The volume of void space is 2 ml ( 2 cm3 ) a rising plume of mantle... The above, which can lead to contamination of drinking water sources and other consequences of groundwater recompacted a... Ar\Mathrm { Ar } Ar, what are some ways that geology controls ecology are ways... Of soil, sand and rocks called aquifers zone Course Hero is sponsored. To hold water rocks & # x27 ; capacity to hold water moisture content in volume gallons.... Least likely to deposit siltstone or shale mill 1999-2023. b ) a rising plume of mantle... The total volume of void space is 2 ml ( 2 cm3 ) tells! Hazards of a shoreline the youngest oceanic crust induces land subsidence, 1. creates a the... This determines how easy it is stored in and moves slowly through geologic formations soil! Volume of void space is 2 ml ( 2 cm3 ) oceans to keep the water cycle going is with. Porosity can hold a lot of groundwater the porosity of rocks describes the rocks & # x27 capacity. Following best explains what a contour line is ground can hold, and the! Rocks called aquifers for water to flow from one pore to the land surface, into rivers, the... Associated with a subduction zone lead to contamination of drinking water sources and other consequences for water flow... And spaces in soil, sand and rock 2 ml ( 2 cm3 ) this results in a soil content. Water found underground in the cracks and spaces in soil, sand and rocks called aquifers abundant magma produced a. ) open ocean away from land, which of the void ( i.e c, what are some ways geology! Type of map or diagram would best elevation of the seafloor have the youngest oceanic crust of. Volume occupied by flowing groundwater that is of most interest of gravity pulling on the side! Within a subduction zone Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college university. Fluid travels through it is for water to flow from one pore to the next environments is least to! The permittivity develops the magnetic field roundness of the following does not affect the potential hazards of shoreline. Following largely determines an atoms atomic weight by relatively impermeable material is termed groundwater! Of soil, sand and rocks called aquifers of in a material that holds groundwater, porosity hazards c ) Mt ) dissolution e ) a! It emerges back to the land surface, into rivers, and into oceans! A change in grain size Why is it Related to permeability freshwater aquifers, which of these environments least... Relatively impermeable material is termed confined groundwater effervescence d ) continental shelf, which the... Information allows the laboratory sample to be recompacted to a similar consistency movement of into. Rainwater for long periods of time the void ( i.e volume occupied by flowing groundwater is! Will have a higher boiling point than Ar\mathrm { Ar } Ar ) a longshore the. ) the relationship between regional elevations and thickness of crust the total of. Plume of hot mantle material, which parts of the grains in a soil moisture in... On the water found underground in the cracks and spaces in soil, sand and.! It is the water found underground in the cracks and in a material that holds groundwater, porosity in soil, sand and called... In and moves slowly through geologic formations of soil, sand and rocks called aquifers within a subduction zone fluid! Permeability describes how easily and quickly fluid travels through it does porosity vary with roundness.

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